Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM), unlike Type 1 Diabetes, is primarily associated with Insulin Resistance (IR), where the body’s cells do not respond effectively to insulin. Over time, the pancreas can't keep up with the increased demand for insulin, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.
T2DM is often linked to lifestyle factors such as poor diet, physical inactivity, and obesity. However, genetics and age also play significant roles. It's a progressive condition, typically developing in adults over 45, though it's increasingly seen in younger populations due to rising obesity rates.
Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing sores. However, many people with T2DM may not experience noticeable symptoms initially, which can delay diagnosis and treatment.
Management of T2DM focuses on lifestyle modifications, such as adopting a healthy diet, increasing physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight. Medications, including metformin and insulin, may be prescribed to help control blood glucose levels. Regular monitoring of blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels is crucial to manage the disease and prevent complications like cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, and retinopathy.
As a physician, my goal is to empower my patients through education and support. By encouraging healthier lifestyle choices and adhering to treatment plans, individuals with T2DM can manage their condition effectively and lead fulfilling lives. It's about creating a partnership with patients to navigate the challenges of diabetes together.